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'MERQWEMENT IN AR IFICIA FUEL.

1 Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 177,626, dated May 23, 1876; application filed February 24, 1876.

and I, the said FREDERIO DIXON, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention, and

- in what manner the same is to be performed,

to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereofthat is to say:

My invention of an improved artificial fuel consists of treating and combining coal, usually small coal, or that known as slack, and whether of the anthracite or non-bituminous kind, or bituminous or lignite, brown coal, peat,or other similar carbonaceous substances, or charcoal, coke, and other allied carbonaceous substances with gummy matters and hydrocarbons, the effect of which treatment is to fix the carbon in the fuel produced thereby, so that little or no smoke isgenerated on ignition. Combustion is so perfect as to leave little or no residuum of ashes, while among other advantages attending the use of this artificial fuel may be claimed its freedom from liability to spontaneous combustion, its density and cohesiveness, its being impervious to water, and the fact that it cokes well, qualities which render it valuable for use in steamships especially, and for exportation.

And in order that my said invention may be well understood, I'will now proceed to describe the process I adopt for the manufacture of my said improved artificial fuel.

In the first place a mixture is to be made of dextrine, British or foreign gums, or gummy or-adhesive matters, or a mixture of any two or more of such substances in, as near as possible, the following proportions: One part of dextrine or other gummy or adhesive matter is to be mixed with two and a half parts of water, and thirty grains of aluminate of soda are to be added to each gallon of the aforesaid mixture. Solution is effected in a suitable tank or other vessel heated by steam, in which themixture'is to be boiled, and then conveyed through a pipe and tap into a boiler or steamcylinder, in which ten parts of pitch or bitucomposition to become united with the small coal, coke, or other carbonaceous matters, and is to be effected by fuel-'inachines now employed in the manufacture of artificial fuel, or machines. which may. hereafter be specially constructed for that purpose, so much of the aforesaid composition being added to the small coal, coke, or other carbonaceous matters, which are to be in a disintegrated or granular state, aswill cause the particles to adhere when pressed, and become, when dry, consolidated and cohesive.

Although I have hereinbefore stated the proportions of the ingredients of the composition,'which I have found answer well, the precise quantities will more or less vary according to and in relation to the particular carbonaceous matters with which they are to be mixed, and it is to be understood that such proportions are only approximative and not definite.

I would also here remark that fusel-oil is also known as pentylic or amylic alcohol or grain or potato spirit, the several names designating one and the same fluid-matter, which, however, may vary in strength, and although I may prefer to use fusel-oil, I claim to use other forms of alcohol, methylated spirit, or methylic alcohol, naphtha, rock-oils, or other similar hydrocarbons, which may be advantageously used' in the production of the hereinoefore-described composition, and I therefore do not exclusively limit myself to the use of fusel-oil.

After the composition has been well mixed by mechanical means with the'aforesaid carbonaceous matters, the mass is to be run or injected into metal molds, and the blocks, balls, or-other forms thus made of the artificial fuel, will become thoroughly dried and to be understood that what I claim, and desire or gummy matters, and of fusel-oil, na

consolidated without the use of artificial heat. or granular state, in or about in the proper- Having now fully described the nature of tions hereinbefore set forth. my said invention, and the manner in which the same is to be carried into efl'eet, I wish it FREDERIO DIXON.

Witnesses: CHARLES BARLOW,

23 Southampton Buildings,

London, 'W. 0., Patent Agent. F. BARLOW,

23 Southampton Buildings, London, W. 0., Clerk.

to secure, is-

An artificial fuel, OOIISIStIDg of a mixture or composition of aluminate of soda and rock-oils, alcohol, or hydrocarbons, wlth suit-- able carbonaceous matters in a disintegrated 

